Salmonella infection (salmonellosis) is a bacterial disease that affects the intestinal tract and it is the most common foodborne infection in the United States. Salmonella colonizes the small and large intestine and can invade the lymphoid tissues of the gastrointestinal tract and spread to the bloodstream (bacteremia) and infect organs. Diagnosis is by immunoassay using stool sample or molecular detection and for cases or bacteremia, subtyping and antimicrobial susceptibility testing are important additional tools for treatment.